Advances in Radio Science
www.adv-radio-sci.net
1684-9965
1684-9973
5
Kleinheubacher Berichte 2006
2007
10.5194/ars-5-353-2007
http://www.adv-radio-sci.net/5/353/2007/
http://www.adv-radio-sci.net/5/353/2007/ars-5-353-2007.html
http://www.adv-radio-sci.net/5/353/2007/ars-5-353-2007.pdf
353
357
2007-06-13
Open water, inundated vegetation and upland vegetation discriminated through a disturbing atmosphere
U. Böttger
ute.boettger@dlr.de
A. Demircan
V. Vanderbilt
DLR, Institut für Planetenforschung, Berlin, Germany
Deutsches Patent- und Markenamt, Ref. 2.5.1, Zweibrückenstr. 5–7, 80297 München, Germany
NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
Methane is an important greenhouse gas. The areal extent of Boreal
wetlands, source areas for methane, is poorly known. At times
estimates have differed by as much as seven fold, which
contributes uncertainty to present day energy and carbon budgets
and to projections of future climates.
<br><br>
In this research we applied optical remote sensing technology to
identify methane source areas in POLDER imagery collected from
both aircraft and satellite. Our approach takes advantage of the
specular reflecting properties of surface waters in order to
differentiate inundated wetlands (with emergent vegetation), open
water (without emergent vegetation) and non-inundated cover types.
<br><br>
Unlike our previous research, here we account for the affects of
the disturbing atmosphere, presenting a radiative transfer model
that represents an atmosphere above a mixed pixel that includes
various proportions of open water, inundated vegetation and upland
vegetation. The results show that our algorithm accurately
identified these three cover types in both aircraft and satellite
data. The results point to the probable importance of atmospheric
correction to the discrimination procedure.
Aselmann, I. and Crutzen, P J.: Global distribution of natural freshwater wetlands and rice paddies, their net primary productivity, seasonality and possible methane emissions, J. Atmos. Chem., 8, 307–358, 1989.
Bartlett, K. and Harriss, R.: Review and assessment of methane emissions from wetlands, Chemosphere, 26, 261–320, 1993.
Böttger, U. and Preusker, R.: Radiative transfer model STORM for full Stokes vector calculations in the visible and near infrared spectral range, Adv. Radio Sci., 4, 329–335, 2006.
Breon, F., Vanderbilt, V., Leroy, M., Bicheron, P., Walthall, C., and Kalshoven, J.: Evidence of hot spot directional signature from airborne POLDER measurements, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 35, 479–484, 1997.
Cox, C. and Munk, W.: Measurements of the roughness of the Sea Surface from Photographs of the Sun's Glitter, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 44, 838–850, 1954.
Crill, P., Bartlett, K., Harriss, R., Gorham, E., and Verry, E.: Methane flux from Minnesota peatlands, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 2(4), 371–384, 1988.
Deschamps, P., Breon, F., Leroy, M., Podaire, A., Bricaud, A., Buriez, J., and Seze, G.: The POLDER mission: Instrument characteristics and scientific objectives, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 32, 598–615, 1994.
Klinger, L F., Zimmerman, P R., Greenberg, J P., Heidt, L E., and Guenther, A B.: Carbon trace gas fluxes along a successional gradient in the Hudson Bay lowland, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 1469–1494, 1994.
Leroy, M. and Breon, F.: Surface reflectance angular signatures from airborne POLDER data, Remote Sensing of Environment, 57, 97–107, 1996.
Moore, T R. and Knowles, R.: Methane emissions from fen, bog and swamp peatlands in Quebec, Biogeochemistry, 11(1), 1–76, 1990.
Morrissey, L A. and Livingston, G P.: Methane emissions from Alaska Arctic tundra: an assessment of local spatial variability, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 16 661–16 670, 1992.
Roulet, N T., Ash, R., and Moore, T R.: Low boreal wetlands as a source of atmospheric methane, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 3739–3749, 1992.
Schiermeier, Q.: Climate change: That sinking feeling, Nature, 435, 732–733, 2005.
Shewchuk, S R.: Surface Mesonet for BOREAS, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 29 077–29 082, 1997.
Vanderbilt, V., Perry, G., Livingston, G., Ustin, S., Barrios, M D., Bréon, F., Leroy, M., Balois, J., Morrissey, L., Shewchuk, S., Stearn, J., Zedler, S., Syder, J. L., Bouffies, S., and Herman, M.: Inundation discriminated using sun glint, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 40, 1279–1287, 2002.